3.4 同位语从句 教案

教学过程

一、 课堂导入

概念引入：

1 I have a dream that one day, all roads will be made plain.

我梦想着总有一天所有的道路都是平坦的。

2 We hold this truth to be self-evident that all men are created equal.

我们认为这些真理都是不言自明的，所有的人生来都是平等的

3 Some people hold the opinion that the Internet is a curse.

有些人持这种观点，互联网是一种诅咒。

4 Museums play a role of education for the simple reason that they provide people with a good opportunity to have a deeper understanding of their own country's tradition and cultures.

博物馆发挥教育的作用，原因很简单，他们为人们提供一个很好的机会，对自己国家的传统和文化有更深的了解。

二、复习预习

通过下列两个例句复习什么是同位语

I don’t know

I don’t know about

三、知识讲解

知识点1：同位语从句的定义

在句中充当同位语成分，一般跟在一些抽象名词后，如（evidence 证据/ promise承诺、允诺/notice通知/news/idea/fact/word消息/truth/belief/possibility/problem/hope/desire/thought/suggestion…）, 对前面的名词起补充说明的作用。

Word came The idea I have no idea 划线部分是同位语从句。

知识点2：同位语从句的引导词

连词：that, whether

连接代词：who, whom, what, whose

连接副词：when ,where, how, why 等。

注：if ,which 不能引导同位语从句

He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。

知识点3：同位语从句的语序

同位语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。例句如下：

My question how I can get in touch with him has not been answered.

知识点4：间隔同位语从句

同位语从句通常是跟在它解释或说明的名词后，但有些情况下，由于句子结构的原因，同位语从句不紧跟在名词后，而被其他的词隔开。

A warm thought suddenly came to me that I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday

简析：由于that 从句太长，为避免句子失去平衡，此处用了间隔同位语从句

知识点5： 虚拟语气在同位语从句中的应用

含有表示“请求、建议、命令、要求”等意义的词的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，常用虚拟语气， 结构为：（should ）+ 动词原形。这类词有：一坚持insist ，二命令order, command，四建议suggest, advise, recommend,propose,四要求 demand, request, require, desire, etc.

It is suggested that the meeting (should)be put off till next week.

She insisted that we stay at her house instead of a hotel.

Her suggestion was that there (should) be a map of the world in each office.

The headmaster made the request that we (should) obey the traffic rules in a foreign country.

注意：

①suggest 表示“暗示、表明”时， 后面从句不用虚拟语气。

Her pleased look suggests that she has won the game.

② 从句动作在insist 之后发生→ 虚拟语气 insist

从句动作在insist 之前发生→ 陈述语气

She insisted that she heard someone in the next room.

I insisted that you (should) be there on time.

She insisted the man stole her purse and be sent to the police station.

知识点6：几点注意事项

1. 只用whether 不用if 的情况：

（1）表语从句和同位语从句 （2）介词后 (3)与or not连用

句句首

My question is whether he left

It all depends on whether they will support them.

I don’t care whether he comes or not.

Idon’t know whether to go there. whether the meeting will be held is still a problem.

2. 在以下情况中that 不能省略 4）与不定式连用5）主语从 （ （

(1)当句中的动词后接多于两个由that 引导的宾语从句时，第一个that 可省，但后面的that 不可省。 例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.

(2)当主句的谓语动词与that 宾语从句之间有插入语时，that 一般不可省。

例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.

(3)当that 从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that 不可省。

例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died.

(4)当it 作形式宾语时，that 不可省。

例句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.

The trouble is that I have lost his address. The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.

四、例题精析

【例题1】

-- Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?

-- Yeah, but I have no idea ____ he did it; that's one of his favorite universities.

A. when B, why C. that D. how

【答案】B

【解析】why he did it 是idea 的同位语从句，考查连接副词。

【例题2】

The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _____ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.

A how B that C which D whether

【答案】B

【解析】that you are better than anyone else on the sports field是total belief的同位语从句，考查连词。

【例题3】

Evidence has been found through years of study______ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.

A. why B. how C. whether D. that

【答案】D

【解析】that children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up是Evidence 的同位语从句，属于间隔同位语从句。

课程小结

本节课主要学习了同位语从句，包括连接词的选择、语序、和虚拟在此种从句中的应用。