轮机英语试卷

上海海事大学

2008~2009年第2学期轮06级轮机英语试题

（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）

答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B 铅笔

涂黑。第1题至88题，每题1分，第89题至96题，每题1.5分。

一、单项选择题

1. The ______engine is used for alternators and some times for main propulsion with a gearbox to

provide a propeller of between 90 to 120 rpm.

A. four-stroke B. two-stroke C. slow speed D. reversible 2. The discharge flow of a reciprocating pump is ______.

A. steady B. in pulsation C. continuous D. large 3. The cetane number of a diesel fuel oil indicates its ______.

A. viscosity B. acid content C. heating value D. ignition quality

4. Always ensure that the turning gear is______, even at the quay, the wave from other ships may

turn the propeller and thus the engine.

A. disengaged B. engaged C. assembled D. disassembled 5. Camshafts are usually driven by timing gears or ______.

A. push rods B. chain drives C. rocker arms D. flywheels

6. The cylinder oil is pumped into the cylinder (via non-return valves) when the piston rings pass the

lubricating orifices, during______.

A. the upward stroke B. the downward stroke C. the power stroke D. the suction stroke

7. The total starting air capacity required for reversible main engines is to be sufficient for a least

______.

A. six consecutive(连续的) starts B. eight consecutive starts C. ten consecutive starts D. twelve consecutive starts

8. A dirty diesel engine oil filter element can best be detected by ______.

A. visual inspection of the elements B. the pressure drop across the filter C. high lube oil sump temperature D. decrease in oil viscosity from the filter 9. Before a marine diesel engine is started the cylinders and pistons must be ______.

A. cooled to appropriate temperature

B. warmed up gradually to appropriate temperature C. opened up and renewed D. ground and polished

10. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for ______.

A. friction clutches B. disconnect clutches C. reversing gears D. reduction gears 11. The maximum pressure developed by a waste heat boiler is determined by the main engine

exhaust ______.

A. gas composition B. gas temperature C. pressure D. timing

12. ______continuously extract the crankcase atmosphere, via a pipe system, and move it past a

sensitive and accurate opacity (不透明)measuring track.

A. The oil mist detectors B. The smoke detectors C. An oily water monitor

D. Oil discharge monitoring and controlling system

13. The water in a steaming auxiliary boiler should be tested daily for ______. A. dissolved oxygen B. chlorides

C. sludge D. dissolved nitrogen

14.

A firebox explosion in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler may be the result of ______. A. excessive purging before lighting off B. insufficient trail for ignition period

C. a faulty transformer in the ignition circuit D. insufficient purging after lighting off

15. A feed pump for an auxiliary boiler might lose suction if the ______. A. boiler water level is low B. feed-water is too hot C. boiler steam demand is low D. feed-water is too cold 16. The gear and screw pumps are classified as______.

A. variable stroke pumps B. multistage pumps C. positive displacement pumps D. triple-ported pumps

17. The pressure of a liquid leaving the pump can be referred to as the ______. A. total head B. discharge head C. net positive suction head D. suction head

18. Which of the valves listed will be cycled from fully open to fully closed when the handle is turned 90 degree?

A. A rising stem gate valve B. A globe stop valve C. A check valve D. A butterfly valve 19.

A pump shaft that is bent or distorted should normally be ______. A. repaired by a suitable welding process B. straightened by applying heat and torsion C. reconditioned by metallizing and machining D. replaced with a satisfactory spare

20. A centrifugal pump may fail to deliver water when first started if the ______. A. water seal pipe is plugged B. pump is not primed C. seal ring is improperly located D. impeller is flooded

21.

Which of the following conditions must exist for heat to flow from one object to another? A. The two objects must be in physical contact. B. The two objects must be the same size.

C. There must be an existing temperature differential. D. There must be an existing weight differential.

22. The dew point of air is reached when the wet bulb temperature is ______. A. twice the dry bulb temperature B. 10℃ above the dry bulb temperature C. 5℃ above the dry bulb temperature D. equal to the dry bulb temperature 23.

If air at 95 ℃ dry bulb temperature and 50% relative humidity is conditioned to 75 ℃ dry bulb temperature and 50% relative humidity, it is an example of ______. A. cooling only B. cooling and humidifying C. cooling and dehumidifying D. adiabatic(绝热的) cooling

24. In order to achieve greater dehumidification(除湿) with an air conditioning system, you should

______. I. reduce the cooling coil temperature II. increase the re-heater temperature A. I only B. II only C. Both I and II D. Neither I nor II

25. Oily water separators are used to ensure that ships don't discharge oil when pumping out ______.

A. ballast water B. boiler water C. bilge water D. sewage water

26. When started, a complete oily water separating unit is first filled______. The oily water mixture

is then pumped through the inlet pipe into the coarse separating compartment.

A. with dirty water B. with clean water C. by oily water D. by mixed water 27. Which is the pollution prevention equipment?

A. booster pump B. evaporator C. incinerator D. cooler 28. The oil sludge is burnt in the ______onboard. I’ll show you the ashes.

A. boiler B. main engine C. auxiliary engine D. incinerator

29. Most marine biological sewage treatment plants consist of all the following statements except

______.

A. aeration tanks B. settling tanks C. disinfection agent D. anaerobic bacteria (厌氧菌) 30. Great care is dedicated to the removal of _____ from the scavenge air.

A. gravity B. viscosity C. density D. humidity 31. Dirty oil must be _____ before being used again.

A. mixed with clean oil B. purified C. heated D. strained

32. When a vacuum boiling evaporator works, the hot jacket water will pass over the tube stack and

___ the sea water passing through the tubes.

A. dispose B. dissolve C. heat D. dissipates

33. When securing a flash-type evaporator for an extended period of time, you should ______.

A. fill the unit with saltwater B. fill the unit with descaling compound C. completely drain the unit D. tightly seal the unit to exclude air

34. Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following are used to allow the hydraulic

energy to be controlled?

A. hydraulic pumps B. valves C. hydraulic cylinders D. hydraulic motors

35. Positive displacement, helical gear(斜齿轮) pumps are well suited for pumping oil because

______.

A. stuffing boxes eliminate the leakage problems usually associated with other gear pumps B. it is not necessary to closely maintain design clearances with this pump C. they are essentially self-priming and produce a high suction lift D. these pumps are designed with extreme tooth angles

36. The oil in a cargo winch gear box should be sampled periodically(周期性地) to ______.

A. prevent the gear box from leaking

B. prevent the oil from becoming inflammable(易燃的) C. make sure it has not become contaminated(污染) D. make sure the motor bearings are lubricated

37. If an anchor windlass has been idle for some time, you should ______.

A. repack all valve stems B. lubricate it prior to use C. replace the foundation bolts D. balance the warping heads

38. A mooring winch should be equipped with mechanical brakes capable of holding ______.

A. half the breaking strength of the mooring line

B. the full breaking strength of the mooring line

C. the maximum expected tension(张力) of the mooring line D. 50% over the working tension of the mooring line

39.

Hydraulic cranes must be properly warmed-up before being operated because ______. A. warm-up allows the hydraulic system to become charged with oil B. warm-up allows the relief valves to be properly tested

C. hydraulic strainers operate only during the warm-up period D. hydraulic fluid must be at the proper viscosity

40. The current flowing first in one direction and then in another is called ____ current. A. a rush B. an alternating C. a direct D. an exciting

41.

The frequency of an alternator at a given RPM is determined by the ______. A. number of turns of wire in the armature coil B. number of magnetic poles C. strength of the magnets used D. output voltage

42.

While paralleling two AC generators using synchronizing(同步的) lamps only, both lamps will go dark when the generators are ______.

A. running at the same speed B. grounded C. of the same polarity(极性) D. in phase

43.

The load sharing characteristics of two diesel generators operating in parallel are mostly dependent on their governor ______.

A. load limit settings B. idle speed settings C. speed limit settings D. speed droop settings

44. Electric insulation is made of organic substances and so gradually ______with age. A. deteriorates B. increases C. are fouled D. becomes better 45. The main generators are connected to ______.

A. distribution boards B. section boards

C. emergency switch boards D. main switch boards

46. The operation of _____ two alternators requires the voltages to be equal and also in phase. A. control B. series-mounting C. running D. paralleling

47. ______is a machine by which electrical energy is transformed into mechanical energy. A. An alternator B. An electric motor C. A diesel engine D. A main switchboard

48.

A ground in an electrical circuit outside the engine room ______. A. cannot be detected under normal conditions B. is of no consequence to engineering personnel C. is indicated at the branch circuit breaker panel

D. is indicated by the ground detecting lamps on the main switchboard 49.

Time delayed or delayed action-type fuses are designed to ______. A. prevent grounds in branch circuits B. prevent opens in motor circuits

C. permit momentary overloads without melting D. guard lighting and electronic circuits

50. When voltage and current developed in an AC circuit reach their peak values at the same time,

the power factor is ______.

A. lagging B. leading C. maximum D. minimum

51. When there is a fire in a large electric motor, normally the very FIRST step is to ______.

A. secure the electric supply B. ventilate area to remove smoke C. start the fire pump and lead out hose D. apply foam

52. Before “stand by” is rung on the engine telegraph, it is usual to give the main diesel engine a brief

62. 63.

B. the captain must be informed at first C. it must be taken by the duty engineer D. the generator engine must be stopped

One of the methods NOT usually allowed in cleaning up oil spills in the United States is ______. A. skimmers B. straw C. dispersants D. sawdust

According to the international regulations concerning the prevention of pollution of sea areas from ships, the disposal into the sea of all plastics is ______. trial ______ahead and astern.

A. with power B. on power C. with air D. on air 53. CO 2 extinguishes a fire by __________.

A. a blanket of bubbles formed on the surface of the fire B. smothering

C. isolating the heat from the fuel D. cooling

54. Obviously, for a given fuel oil, its pour point is ______its cloud point.

A. lower than B. higher than C. as same as D. better than 55. Now that the valve is not worth ______, I suggest it ______.

A. to repair/renewing B. repairing/renewing C. to repair/ be renewed D. repairing/be renewed

56. When a vessel is in dry-dock, the vessel's engineers should ______.

A. examine the condition of the propeller B. chip and paint all hull protection zincs C. install new docking plugs in all cofferdams D. inspect the hull for hogging or sagging

57. The additional mark ______in the Classification Certificate for Machinery represents the

propulsion apparatus is remotely controlled on the navigating bridge control station, and engine room is watched by duty personnel.

A. BRC B. MCC C. AUT-0 D. AUT-1 58. Oil Record Book Part I shall be provided to ______.

A. every oil tanker

B. every ship of 400 tons gross tonnage and above C. every ship D. any ship

59. “Inability to provide for the first watch at the commencement of a voyage and for subsequent

relieving watches persons who are sufficiently rested and otherwise fit for duty.” is considered to be one of the detainable deficiencies(缺乏) under ______. A. the SOLAS Convention B. the MARPOL Convention C. the STCW Convention D. the LOAD LINE Convention

60. The Port State Control officer may witness a fire drill carried out by the crew assigned to these

duties on the ______.

A. Navigation Log Book B. Engine Room Log Book C. Oil Record Book D. Muster List

61. During an engine room watch if immediate action is necessary to ensure safety of the ship, its

machinery and crew, ______.

A. the chief engineer must be informed at first

A. welcome

B. admitted in some special sea areas C. prohibited D. acceptable

64.

In cleaning up an oil spill, the use of chemical agents would ______. A. absorb the oil for easy removal B. remove the oil from the water

C. disperse(分散) or dissolve the oil in the water D. not affect the oil

65.

The main objective of the SOLAS Convention is to specify ______for the construction, equipment and operation of ships, compatible their safety. A. at most references B. at least references C. maximum standards D. minimum standards

66. These acid residues must be prevented from entering the crankcase, otherwise the lube oil would be _______ .

A. optimized B. emulsified C. contaminated D. oxidated

67. The ship security officer shall have knowledge and have received training, taking into account the guidance given in Part B of______.

A. the ISM Code B. the ISPS Code C. the IBC Code D. the IGC Code 68. Electric circuits are protected against short circuits by means of a/an _______. A. diode(二极管) B. amplifier C. circuit breaker D. capacitor

69. The electrolyte in a lead-acid storage battery consists of distilled water and ______. A. hydrogen chloride B. calcium chloride C. sulfuric acid D. muriatic acid

70.

When under maneuvering conditions with the machinery being manually operated the control unit or console should be ___.

A. automatically controlled B. off power

C. continuously manned D. continuously unmanned

71. ______is a precaution which contributes to avoiding trouble under normal operating conditions. A. Constant inspection B. Keeping constant load C. Remaining constant temperature D. Varying speed

72.

A tank which has been sealed for a long period of time can be dangerous because ______. A. steel surfaces consume oxygen by rusting B. sealed tanks usually form a vacuum

C. moisture condenses in the tank, displacing the oxygen

D. most tank coatings give off poisonous vapors in the presence of moisture 73. A class 'C' fire is burning ______.

A. diesel oil B. magnesium C. dunnage D. electrical insulation 74.

To prevent the spread of fire by conduction, you should ______.

A. close all openings to the area

B. remove combustibles from direct exposure C. cool the bulkheads around the fire D. shut off all electric power

75.

The lengthening of a crack formed in the shell plating of a ship may be prevented by ______. A. welding brackets across both ends of the crack B. chipping out and slot welding the entire crack C. drilling a hole at each end of the crack

D. cutting a square notch at each end of the crack

76.

After a fire has been extinguished in a closed space, personnel may safely enter the space when ______.

A. smoke density has been decreased sufficiently to see the bulkhead opposite the compartment's entrance

B. a lifeline and explosion proof flash light are used

C. all smoke and toxic fumes are removed and an adequate oxygen supply is present D. overhaul has been completed to remove any possible source of re-ignition

77.

While loading bunkers, you notice oil on the water near the vessel. What should you do first? A. Stop loading

B. Notify the harbor administration.

C. Determine if the vessel is the source of the pollution.

D. Start the main engine and put them in gear to disperse the spill. 78. To anneal (退火)a copper gasket, you should heat the gasket _______. A. and quench it in oil B. cherry red and quench in water C. and let it cool slowly in the air D. and carbonize it

79.

When a vessel is in dry-dock, the vessel's engineers should ______. A. examine the condition of the propeller B. chip and paint all hull protection zincs C. install new docking plugs in all cofferdams D. inspect the hull for hogging or sagging

80. “Insufficiency of manning or insufficiency of certification of seafarers” is an identification of a ______.

A. substandard ship B. standard ship C. over-standard ship D. reference ship

81.

When deciding the composition of the engineering watch, which may include _____appropriately, many factors shall be taken into account.

A. satisfied engineers B. qualified ratings

C. satisfied chief engineer D. qualified chief engineer

82.

The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall notify the chief engineer without delay______.

A. in any emergency or if in any doubt as to what decision or measures to take

B. in the event of any impending action in machinery spaces that may cause reduction in ship’s speed

C. when isolating and bypassing machinery to be worked on

D. co-operating with any engineer in charge of maintenance work

83.

At an unsheltered anchorage the chief engineer shall consult with ______whether or not to maintain an underway watch.

A. the engineer officer in charge of watch B. the deck officer in charge of watch C. the master D. the chief mate

84. The term "moderate speed" was previously interpreted as meaning a speed which would enable a vessel ______within half the range of visibility.

A. stopping B. being stopped C. to stop D. to be stopped

85. One of the methods NOT usually allowed in cleaning up oil spills in the United States is ______. A. skimmers B. straw C. dispersants D. sawdust

86. The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the most important of all international treaties concerning the ______ of merchant ships. A. pollution B. economization C. efficiency D. safety

87. The Company should ensure that the master is fully ______with the Company's SMS. A. familiar B. understand C. conversation D. confused

88.

______means the level for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall be maintained at all times, threats and exchanging such information with appropriate Contracting Governments.

A. Security level 1 B. Security level 2 C. Security level 3 D. Security level 4

二、关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项） Passage 1

The clearly visible benefit of RT-flex engines is their smokeless operation at all ship speeds. This is achieved by the superior combustion performance with the common-rail fuel injection.

This system maintains the fuel injection pressure at the optimum level right across the engine speed range, ensuring optimum combustion under all operating conditions. In addition, a selective shut-off of single injectors at very low speeds and an optimized exhaust valve timing help to keep smoke emissions below the visible limit.

Sulzer RT-flex engines also have the advantage of steady running at lower speeds than engines with mechanically-controlled injection. They can run very steadily, and without smoking, at 10-12% of nominal speed, which for the RT-flex 60C is about 10-14rpm. This is made possible by the precise control of injection, together with the higher injection pressures achieved at low speed, and the sequential shut-off injectors.

89. According to above massage, the advantage of common-rail injection is______.

A. smokeless operation B. shockless operation C. noiseless operation D. no vibration operation

90. According to above massage, RT-flex engine can optimize______.① fuel injection pressure

② combustion ③ exhaust valve timing A. ①② B. ①②③ C. . ③ D. ②

91. The key feature of the Sulzer RT-flex system is that it gives complete freedom in the _____ and

operation of fuel injection and exhaust valve actuation. A. metering B. timing C. control D. using

92. The RT-flex engine can run at very low speed, this is made possible by following things except

_______.

A. the precise control of injection

B. the higher injection pressures

C. the optimized exhaust valve timing D. the sequential shut-off injectors Passage 2

With many small package boilers, the automatic control sequence usually ensures that the boiler fire is initially ignited from a diesel oil supply, and changed over to the usual source when ignition is completed. With good management, to facilitate subsequent starting from cold, the fuel system of large boilers will have been flushed through with diesel oil when the boiler was on light duty

immediately prior to being secured. When burning such diesel fuel it is essential for safety that only the correct (small) burner tip should be used. It should be kept in mind that if fire does not light, immediately shut off fuel and vent furnace.

Complete ignition of fuel in the furnace is essential. The burner flame, the smoke indicator and the funnel should be frequently observed. With satisfactory combustion, the flame should appear in

candescent （白热的）with an orange shade at the flame tip, and a faint brownish haze should show at the funnel. If on first ignition the flame is uncertain, badly shaped and separates from the primary swirler, momentary opening or closing of air register may correct. 93. Small package boilers will use _______ while being lit up.

A. the usual source of oil B. fuel oil

C. diesel oil D. mixture of fuel oil and diesel oil

94. After large boilers being secured, the fuel in the feeding line will be____.

A. the usual source of oil B. fuel oil

C. diesel oil D. mixture of fuel oil and diesel oil 95. If large boilers were not lit up, _____.

A. feed water to normal level

B. stop fuel supply immediately and purge the furnace C . light the boiler again D. reset the burner

96. An indication for a good combustion is ______.

A. white smoke B . brown haze in the funnel C. orange flame tip D. swirl oil spray