熔融和溶液纺丝法
所谓熔体纺丝就是将聚合物熔融后并定量从喷丝孔挤出形成细流,经空气或水冷却固化,以一定的速度卷绕成纤维的纺丝方法。
The melt spinning is the polymer melting and quantitatively from the spinneret holes formed by the extrusion flow, air or water cooled and solidified in a certain speed, winding the fiber spinning method.
熔纺包括以下步骤:①制备纺丝熔体(将成纤高聚物切片熔融或由连续聚合制得熔体);②熔体通过喷丝孔挤出形成熔体细流; ③熔体细流冷却固化形成初生纤维; ④初生纤维上油和卷绕。熔纺分直接纺丝法和切片纺丝法。
Melt spinning comprises the following steps: ① preparation of melt spinning (the fiber-forming polymer melt or slice by continuous polymerization melt); ② melt through a spinneret hole is extruded to form a melt stream; the stream cooling and curing to form melt spun fibers; the nascent fiber oil and winding.Direct spinning melt spinning method and spinning slice method.
所谓溶液纺丝是将将高聚物浓溶液定量从喷丝孔挤出,溶液细流经凝固浴或热空气或热惰性气体固化成纤维的方法。
The so-called solution spinning the polymer solution quantitative from the spinneret holes extrusion, a coagulation bath or solution by hot air or hot inert gas for curing method for fiber.
溶液纺丝主要可分干法纺丝和湿法纺丝两种方法。
Solution spinning can be divided for dry spinning and wet spinning of two methods.
干法纺丝是聚合物溶液通过聚合物溶剂的蒸发而固化的方法。
Dry spinning is polymer solution through the polymer solvent evaporation and curing method.
根据三种不同的物理化学原理, 湿法纺丝可进一步分为液晶法、凝胶法和相分离法三种方法。在液晶法中, 液致性聚合物的液晶溶液通过在溶液中固体结晶区的形成而固化。在凝胶法中, 聚合物溶液通过在溶液中分子间键的形成而固化, 这种现象称为凝胶化, 凝胶化是由溶液中的温度或浓度变化造成的。在相分离的情况下, 两种不同的相出现在溶液中, 一为富聚合物相, 一为贫聚合物相。
According to the three kinds of physical chemical principles, wet spinning can be further divided into liquid crystal method, gel method and phase separation by three methods.In the liquid crystal, liquid polymer liquid crystal solution through crystallization in solution solid zone formation and curing.In the gel, polymer solution in the solution through intermolecular bond formation and curing, a phenomenon known as gel, gelation by solution temperature or concentration changes caused by.During the phase separation conditions, two different phase appears in the solution, a polymer phase, a polymer phase.
湿纺包括的工序是:(1)制备纺丝原液;(2)将原液从喷丝孔压出形成细流;(3)原液细流凝固成初生纤维;(4)初生纤维卷装或直接进行后处理。
W et spinning process are included: (1) preparing a spinning solution; (2) the solution from the spinneret holes forming a press; (3) a liquid solidified into nascent fibers; (4) the primary fiber package or directly after treatment.