老年便秘患者健康教育的实施及效果评价
老年便秘患者健康教育的实施及效果评价
【摘要】 目的 探讨对老年便秘患者实施健康教育的方法及效果。方法 对65例来院疗养的老年便秘患者实施健康教育,包括对研究对象进行卫生知识、自我保健能力、疾病预防知识的评估,观察老年便秘患者的症状,将健康教育前后老年便秘患者的便秘症状、体重指数(BMI)、收缩压和舒张压(SBP/DBP)、空腹血糖(FPG)、血三酰甘油(TG)、血总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、血尿酸(UA)等指标的改善情况进行比较。结果 通过对老年便秘患者实施健康教育,该组老年人便秘情况及相关症状明显好转(P<0.01),健康意识明显增强(P<0.01),便秘改善后,包括超重或肥胖、血压、血糖、血脂、血尿酸在内的多项指标均有不同程度的改善(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论 在来院疗养的老年人群中有针对性地对便秘患者开展健康教育,具有可行性,但要注意患者的用药情况、年龄及文化程度等因素的影响。
【关键词】 老年人;便秘;健康教育
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and method of health education in the elderly patients with constipation.Methods 65 elderly patients with constipation aged over 60 were received health education in our sanatorium.Health information,ability of self health care and the basic knowledge of how to prevent disease were evaluated in the research objects.The symptoms,overweight or obese(body weight index,BMI),blood pressure(SBP/DBP),fasting plasma glucose(FPG),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC), low density lipoprotein(LDL)and blood uric acid(UA)of the elderly patients with constipation before and afterhealth education were observed and compared.ResultsAfter health education,the symptoms and health conscious of the patients were significantly improved(P<0.01).Overweight or obese,blood pressure,blood glucose,blood lipid and blood uric acid of the patients were improved in different degree(P<0.01 or P<0.05).ConclusionIt is feasible to develop health education in the elderly patients with constipation in our sanatorium. However,the influence of factors such asdrug use,age and degree of education should be paid attention.
【Key words】Elderly;Constipation;Health education
便秘是使人感到不适,甚至造成痛苦的一种较为普遍的症状。由于便秘使肠道内有毒物质不能及时排出体外而被吸收进入血液,对人体各器官组织造成影响,从而导致患者出现头晕、烦躁、失眠、注意力不集中、记忆力减退、乏力,或伴有血压、血脂、血糖升高及肥胖,还是部分病人发生心血管疾病意外事件的诱因。近年来,随着人们饮食结构和生活方式的改变、精神心理因素和社会因素的影响,便秘已成为影响现代人生活质量的重要病症,人们越来越关注自身服药情况、饮食、生活习惯的调节对便秘的影响。为了研究健康教育对老年人健康行为的影响,了解健康教育对老年便秘患者便秘的缓解程度和效果,我们对来我院疗养的65例老年便秘患者实施健康教育,现将结果报告如下。