2016名师测控人教版八年级英语下册(句型透视)Unit5

句型透视

Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?

Section A

1. 昨天当暴风雨来临的时候人们正在做些什么？

【解析1】过去进行时 过去进行时态

⑴ .用法：①过去某个时间正在发生的动作

He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。

②过去某段时间正在发生的动作

I was staying here from March to May last year.

去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里。

⑵ .与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有 at nine last night/ at that time=

或有when the teacher came in/ while he was reading的提示

⑶ 过去进行时的构成：was\were +现在分词

⑷ 过去进行时的四个基本句型

⑸ 过去进行时的固定句型

Jim was reading when the teacher came in. 当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。

Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV.

在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。

Jim came in while Kate was watching TV.

在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。 ⑹请比较

He watched TV last night. （过去时间last night, 用一般过去时）

He was watching TV at nine last night.

(过去时间last night+点时间at nine, 用过去进行时)

【2013浙江杭州4】Sally took a photo of her friends while they _________

computer games.

A. play B. are playing C. have played D. were playing

【2013黑龙江绥化3】My uncle ____ books in the room at this time yesterday.

A. was seeing B. is reading C. was reading

【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔3】What ____ you _____ when the captain came in?

A. are; doing B. did; do C. were; doing

巩固练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. Now Jim’s sister __________________(read) newspapers.

2.He __________________(watch)TV at nine last night.

3.He __________________(watch)TV last night.

4. What __________________the twins __________________(do) then?

5. — ________Lily ______________(draw) a cat when the teacher came in ?

— No, she _________

6. __________________you __________________(have) supper at that time?

7. Jack __________________(not read) a book at nine yesterday evening.

8. Now Jim __________________(play) basketball on the playground（操场）.

9. What ___________________ he _______________ (do) at nine o’clock last night.

10. They ___________________ (listen) to the music at that time.

11. When the teacher came in, the students ___________________ (read) the text.

12. We ___________________ (watch) TV when suddenly the telephone rang.

13. Her mother ____________(cook) while her father was watching TV.

【解析2】 at the time of 在...... 的时候 （常用于过去进行时）

【解析3】rainstorm n 暴风雨 raincoat 雨衣 raindrop雨滴 ’我的闹钟没有响，因此我____晚了。

【解析1】alarm n 闹钟 an alarm clock 一个闹钟

【解析2】go off 发出响声, (闹钟)闹响 ，离开

The alarm went off just now. 刚才警钟响了

【短语】 go over 复习 go away 离开

go by (时间)过去 go for a walk 出去散步

go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming

去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳

( ) I was late today because my alarm clock didn’t____

A. run off B. go off C. give out D. give up

【2011广西南宁市】30.—What a big storm last night!

—Yes. I was doing my homework. Suddenly, all the lights in my house____.

A. went off B. turned off C. took off D. got off

【2011山西中考】How I wish could sleep longer! However, I had to get up as soon

as the alarm clock _____.

A. ran off B. went off C. took off

3.

当天开始下大雨的时候我__ 公交车

【解析】heavily adv 在很大程度上

heavy adj. 沉重的 How heavy are you?

heavily adv 沉重地 The army lost heavily

形容风大的时候常用strong/hard, 形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard

【2013漳州】18. The sun is shining _____ . You'd better wear sunglasses while you

are out.

A. brightly B. lightly C. heavily

【2013黔西南】121. Sometimes it rains _________in Guizhou in summer .

A. heavily B. heavy C. strong D. Strongly

【注】heavy改y为i +ly 变为adv ,类似的adj还有：

hungry

happy

angry 饥饿的 快乐的 生气的 hungrily happily angrily

lucky 幸运的 luckily

我____ 向公共汽车站但还是错过了公共汽车。

【解析】miss v ①错过 (后接名词、代词或动车ing）

Be quick! Or you will miss the early bus.

②想念；思念

③ n 用于姓名或姓之前，是对未婚女子的称呼，但首字母要大

写，“小姐；女生”

( ) — I ____ the early bus and I had to wait for the next one on such a cold

morning.

— Bad luck!

A. missed B. caught C. followed D. left

5.I called at seven and you didn’

我七点钟给你打电话，你没有接。

【解析】pick up 接电话

接电话 Tom, I called you, but you didn’t pick up

pick up 捡起；拾起 I pick up a wallet on my way home

（开车）接某人 I will pick you up at the station

学到；获得 He was picking up the skills quickly.

【2012陕西2】25. The workers in the Huashan Mountains have to ______

rubbish to keep

the mountains clean.

A. turn up B. pick up C. mix up D. give up

【2013湖北武汉1】40. It seems that the aged people ________ the H7N9 more

easily from

the recent case.

A. pick up B. mix up C. set up D. use up

6. That’

【解析】strange adj. 奇怪的 →strangely adv奇怪地 →stranger n 陌生人

be strange to 对……感到陌生

strange 奇怪的 It’s strange that she came to the party.

陌生的 He stands in a stranger street. 外面没有一丝光亮， 让人感觉这是在午夜。

【解析1】with + n +adv ，在句中做伴随状语

【解析2】feel like doing sth = would like/want to do sth想要做某事

I feel like _______ (catch) a clod today. 电视新闻报道，这个地区有一场大暴雨。

【解析】report v 报道 → reporter n 记者

I want to be a ___________(report) when I grow up.

9. so ,when the rainstorm suddenly came, what were you doing?

那么，当暴风雨突然来临的时候，你正在做什么呢？

【解析】so 的用法：

’ 我八点钟又给你打电话， 你也没有接。

【解析1】I see . 我知道了。 （表示通过别人提醒而明白、了解）

( ) —It’s bad for your eyes to read in the sun.

— _____.

A. I’m OK B. I don’t know C. I’m sorry D. I see

【拓展】 see sb. do sth 看到某人做某事

see sb. doing sth 看到某人正在做某事

【解析2】either 也

【辨析】also /too/as well/ either

(1) also 也，用于肯定句句中，

用在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。

(2) too 也， 用于肯定句句末

(3) either 也 ，通常放于否定句末

【练习】用either, also , too, as well 填空

①Tom can sing this song . I can sing it, _____.

②Tom can sing this song, I can sing it _______.

③Tom can sing this song, I can _______sing it.

④Tom couldn’t sing this song, I couldn’t , _______.

（ ）⑤ He can’t swim .I can’t,_____.

A. too B. also C. either D. neither

11.Ben’ 本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面，而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能

正常使用。

【解析1】while当......的时候

【2013四川雅安1】5. Amy was reading a book _____ I came in.

A. when B. while C. because D. though

【2013山东菏泽3】13.______the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons

on the

beach.

A. When B. If C. While D. Once

【解析2】make sure确信； 确保

Please make sure to turn off the computer when you leave

Do you know the time of the train? You’d better make sure of it.

【2013山东青岛3】22. There aren’t many tickets left for the concert, you'd

better ______that you get one today.

A. make sure of B. make a decision C. make sure D. make plans

【解析3】work 运转；发挥作用 The madicine doesn’t work.

【拓展】work有三个意思很容易弄混：

⑴ 表示“工作”，是不可数名词：

He has too much work to do. 他要做的工作太多。

work →worker

⑵. 表示“著作”或“作品”，是可数名词，但多用复数：

He has read many of Hemingway’s works.

⑶ 表示“工厂”，只用复数形式，但可表示单数意义：

The glass works（=factory) is [are] near the station. 玻璃工 厂在车站附近。

【2012曲靖中考】 My mother is a doctor , and my father is a _________ (work).

12. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to 当雨点开始重重地打在窗户上的时候，本正在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。

【解析1】.beat与win辨析

beat比赛、竞争对手（如人或球队等）战争 获胜，赢得win奖杯、奖牌

比赛、游戏

We beat them by the score of 2 to 1. 我们以2:1赢了他们。

Which team won the football match? 哪个对赢了那场足球赛？

【解析2】heavily 在很大程度上；大量地

【拓展】heavy adj. 重的（反） light → heavily adv 猛烈地

【注】形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hard

①It rained ______ (heavy) ,so he didn’t go to work yesterday.

( ) ②Sometimes it rains ____ in Xi’an in summer.

A. heavy B. heavily C. strong D. strongly

【2012广西玉林】33. —Peter is _______ than you, right?

—Yes, but he is _______ runner in our class.

A. heavier; best B. heavy; the best

C. heavier; the best D. heavy; better

【2013黔西南】121. Sometimes it rains _________in Guizhou in summer .

A. heavily B. heavy C. strong D. Strongly

【解析3】 against 倚；碰；撞

⑴表示―反对”，其反义词为 for。若表示“强烈反对”，一般用副词 strongly：

Are you for or against the plan?

你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对

⑵表示位置，意为“靠着”、“顶着”、等：

The teacher’s desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌靠墙放着。

He stood leaning against the tree. 他站着斜靠在墙上

【2013临沂3】50. Mr. Wang is strongly ____ keeping animals in the zoo, because he

thinks animals should also enjoy freedom.

A. up B. for C. against D. down

【2013青岛1】68. I'm ______ building a new zoo because I think zoos are terrible

places for

animals to live in.

A. against B. on C. in D. for 起初，本睡不着。

【解析】 at first 首先；最初

【拓展】(1) at first = at the beginning 最初，开始 【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初】

( ) When you want to work for our country in the future, ____, we should have

strong body and rich knowledge.

A. at first B. first of all C. for the first time D. after all

【山东德州】 We can do a lot to stay healthy. ____ , we should eat a balanced

(平衡的) diet.

A. At a time B. In fact C. First of all D. All together 在大约凌晨三点逐渐减弱的时候，本终于睡着了。

【解析1】 fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着

【拓展】sleep / asleep 辨析：

入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态

(3)go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作。

【记】 He went to bed at ten last night , but he didn’t go to sleep until . He only fell ( ) — Jim, Where is your sister? — Oh， A. going to bed B. in her bedroom C. sleeping D. sleepy

【2013江苏泰州】David fell _________(sleep) in class because he

stayed up too late last night.

be asleep 强调睡着的状态 The baby is asleep

fall asleep 强调入睡的动作 My father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly

( A. sleeping B. fall asleep C. be asleep

【拓展】fall asleep, sleep, go to sleep, get to sleep, go to bed用法区别。

⑴fall asleep属“连系动词+表语”结构，“入睡；睡着”，指进入梦乡，往往含有

“不知不觉就睡着了“的意思。asleep在此作表语形容词。

He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.

他刚要入睡时，这时传来了响亮的敲门声。

⑵ sleep指睡觉时的一种状态，是一个延续性的动词。

He likes to sleep for an hour in the afternoon.

他喜欢在下午睡上一个小时。

⑶ go to sleep意为“入睡，睡着”，强调从开始睡到睡着的过程。

I just want to close my eyes and go to sleep as quickly as possible.

我只是想闭上眼睛，尽快地睡上一觉。

⑷get to sleep与go to sleep意思相近，但它强调的是进入睡眠状态。

She was too excited to get to sleep last night. 她昨晚因太激动而不能入睡。

⑸go to bed“就寝”，“上床睡觉”，指上床去睡这个动作，与get up相对应。

The students in our school usually get up at six in the morning and go to bed at half past nine in the evening.

我们学校的学生通常早晨六点起床，晚上九点半睡觉。

【解析2】 die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失

【拓展】die down与die out的用法区别：

This kind of bird has died out in the world.这种鸟已经在世界上灭绝了。 当他醒来的时候，太阳已经升起来了。

【解析1】wake up (v+ adv) 醒来；睡醒

【2012广东河源】_____ , Tom! It’s time to get up and go to school.

A. Wake up B. Make up C. Grow up D. Look up

【2013南京中考】— What’s wrong with you, Eric? You look tired.

— I _____ to prepare for the final exam last night.

A. picked up B. woke up C. stayed up D. put up

【解析2】rise 增加；提高；增强；上升，升起

rise 升起；上升 主语自身移向较高位置 Price rose gradually

raise 举起；提高 主语发出的动作作用于其他事物 Let’s raise our glasses to

Tom.

( ) The river ___ two inches this morning.

A. rose B. raised C. are getting up D. grow

到处都是倒下的树，破碎的窗户和垃圾。

【解析1】过去分词做定语 fallen leaves 落叶

world.

A. anywhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D. nowhere

【2013无锡4】31. We arrived at the station too early and had____ to go, so we

sat there and chatted with each other.

A. somewhere B. anywhere C. everywhere D. nowhere

【2013浙江杭州1】26. There has never been such a beautiful village _________

in the world.

A. anywhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D. nowhere

他们加入到邻居们中，一起打扫社区。

【解析】 join 加入；参加

【辨析】join/join in/take part in

(1) join=be a member of 参加 ,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。

join the army / party 入伍/ 党 join the club 加入俱乐部

◆ join in 后接活动名称

◆ join sb. 加入到某个人群之中

(2) take part in 参加 ，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。

( )① – I suppose we’ll go to plant trees next week.

-- Terrific! Planting trees is a lot of fun. I’d like to ___ you.

A. visit B. join C. follow D. meet

( )② –Mary, would you like to ___ this game?

—I’d love to, but I have to finish ___ the composition first.

A. join in; to write B. attend; writing

C. join; to write D. take part in; writing.

【2013天津3】26. He ______an English club last year and has improved his

English a lot.

A. protected B. produced C. joined D. received

打开收音机

【解析】turn on 打开（反）turn off 关掉

【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴】22. It’s time for CCTV news. Let’s _______ the TV and watch it.

A. turn on B. get on C. try on D. put on

【2013江苏淮安】13. It's getting dark. Please ________ the light.

A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn around

【2013湖南益阳】33.The boy is sleeping. Please _____the radio.

A. turn up B. turn down C. turn on

【2013河南】30. ______a light when necessary. You will bring light to other people and yourself.

A. Try on B. Get on C. Turn on D. Put on tree. 当我们到达事故现场的时候，看到汽车由于撞在了树上，已经变了些。

【解析】get to 到达

【辨析】get/ reach/ arrive

【2013四川广安】28. —When will the plane _____Shanghai?

—Sorry，I don’t know.

A. get B. arrive at C. reach

【2013江苏苏州】 I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we ____ just fine together.

A. get along B. get up C. get away D. get off

Section B.

1. 昨天学校发生了什么事？

【解析】 happen 发生；碰巧（指偶然性发生）

What happened to you?=What was wrong with him?

She happened ________(be) out when we called.

The sports meeting took place in our school last week.

( ) ① An accident ____ at the school gate this morning.

A. happened B .happened to C. took place D. took places

( ) ②What happened _____ the boy?

A. with B. to C. at D. on

( ) ③A serious bike accident ____ her , and she was badly hurt.

A. happened to B. was happened to C. was happing D. was happen

( ) ④The accident took place on a cold night.

A. took the place B. happened C. told D. hold

( ) ⑤I happened _____him last night.

A. to meet B. meet C. meeting D. meets

【2011•铜仁】30. Great changes _________ in Tongren in the past five years.

A. have happened B. have taken place

C. have been happened D. have been taken place

【2013山东临沂】30. The Olympic Games of 2016 will _____ in Brazil.

A. take after B. take off C. take place D. take away

【2013山东济南】53. —It’s hot today, isn’t it?

—Yes, it is. Why not __________ your jacket?

A. take care B. take place C. take after D. take off 凯特意识到她的包还在家。

【解析】realize v 意识到

⑴ realize + n she didn’t realize her mistake.

⑵ realize +从句 I didn’t realize that you were so unhappy. 罗柏特。艾伦现在已经50多岁了，但那时候他还只是一名小学生。

【解析】 over= more than 超过

【2011连云港1】5.—Can I join Oxfam Trailwalker?

—Only if you are _____ eighteen.

A. over B. on C. under D. below

【2013安徽1】65. Mrs. King put a coat_____ the sleeping girl to keep her warm.

A. over B. with C. behind D. beside school. 当学校篮球比赛开始的时候，凯特还在去学校的路上。

【解析】 make one’s way to … 在某人去……的路上

（当后接地点副词时，应省略介词to）

( ) I’ll make my way ___ home now.

A. to B. / C. at D. on

5.Our teacher said, ―

我们的老师说：“金先生10分钟前去世了”

【解析】一段时间+ ago 之前，用于一般过去时

【重庆市2013】33. —Who is the little girl in the picture?

—It’s me. The picture ________ 10 years ago.

A. took B. is taken C. has taken D. was taken

【2013山东滨州】I know a little about Thailand, as I _____ there three years ago.

A. have been B. have gone C. will go D. went 我们完全震惊了！

【解析】complete v 完成 adj. 完整的 →completely 彻底地；完全地

【2013新疆】Physical exercise makes you tired but completely relaxed.

① I ____________( complete) believe in you now. I think you are honest in the

matter.

② They ____________(complete) building the bridge late next year. 之后我的父母没再讲话，我们在沉默中吃完了晚饭。

【解析】 the rest of … ―其余的，剩下的‖ ,

做主语时，其谓语动词的数要与the rest of 修饰的名词一致。

8. 学校停课一天，罗柏特和他的朋友们沉默地走回了家。

【解析】silence n 沉默 → silent 沉默；缄默；无声

【2012山东烟台】When he heard the bad news, Robert walked home together with his friends ____________. （沉默地）

( ) We should keep ____ in the library.

A. silence B. silently C. silences

( ) They stood ____ as a mark of honor to her.

A. in silent B. in silence C. silence 最近，大部分美国人还记得当纽约世贸大楼被恐怖分子袭击的时候自己在做什么。

【解析1】remember to do sth与remember doing sth的用法区别。

⑴remember to do sth记得去做某事（此事还未做）

Remember to turn off the light when you leave the room.

当你离开房间的时候记得关灯。

⑵remember doing sth记得做过某事（此事已做完）

I remember turning off the light when I left the room.我记得离开房间时关灯了。

【解析2】take down 拆掉；拆毁

【解析3】terror n 恐怖 → terrorist 恐怖分子

( ) — Did you watch the TV news? The whole event was full of ____.

— Yes, I did . Those ____ were all caught by the police at last.

A. terror; terrorist B. terrorist; terrors

C. terror; terrorists D. terrors; terrorists

我很害怕以至于后来我几乎无法正常思考。

【解析】hardly 几乎不； 绝不

【2011四川德阳】19. Speak aloud, please! I can _____ hear you.

A. almost B. hardly C. usually

【2012.安徽省】Mike hurt his back seriously and can_____ get out of bed without

help.

A. quickly B. easily C. nearly D. hardly

【2012广东】30.— Did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titanic last night?

—No, I______ go to the cinema. The tickets are too expensive.

A. hardly B. nearly C. still D. Only

【2012·湖北·荆州】22. — How often do you exercise?

— ______ ever. Because I am very busy with my work.

A. Hardly B. Nearly C. Always D. Almost

【2013临沂】24. David was so excited at the good news that he could ______ say a

word.

A. nearly B. hard C. ever D. hardly

罗柏特和他的朋友们听到这则消息感到很吃惊。

【解析1】be surprised to do sth 做某事很吃惊

【拓展】surprise v 使吃惊→surprising adj. 令人吃惊的

①__________________(使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in the exam. ②We are ____________at the _____________news.(surprise)

( ) ③ ___his surprise, she succeeded in climbing up the high mountain.

A. At B. To C. In D. On

【2011昭通】 I was very surprised when the alien went into a souvenir shop.

A. excited B. amazing C. relaxing D. amazed

【2012贵州贵阳】 ―Henry, you _____ tell the teacher if you want to go out of the classroom.‖ ―Sorry, sir.‖

A. are supposed to B. are surprised to C. are afraid to

【2012山东·东营市4】 The fans were _____to know the death of their favorite

singing

star Whitney Huston.

A. glad B. angry C. excited D. surprised

【解析2】hear的用法

【结构】：hear sb. do sth听见某人做某事；

We can often hear some children play on the playground.

我们经常能听见一些孩子在操场上玩耍。

I heard my sister singing an English song in her room when I came back. 当我回来时，我听见我的姐姐正在她的房间里唱一支英文歌。

hear也有“听说”之意，这时后接that引导的宾语从句。

①hear about意为“听说”，相当于hear of，后面接词或短语。

I have heard about/of the story before. 我以前就听说过这个故事。

②hear from意为“收到.......的来信；有.......的消息”，=get/receive a letter from.

I haven’t heard from my mother for months.

我已经好几个月没有收到我妈妈的来信了。

12. Kate didn’

凯特认为对于这次事件她朋友没有说出真相。

【解析】true adj. 真的 → truly adv. 真地 →truth 实情；事实

【2013甘肃兰州】94. To tell the ________ (true), I don’t like the drinks in that café.

( ) — Is it ____ that he missed the bus?

— No, he didn’t tell the _____ . He was late because he got up late.

A. true; truth B. real ; truth C. true; reality D. real; reality

13. I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.

后来由于害怕我无法清晰地思考。

【解析】trouble n 困难； 苦恼； 忧虑

⑴in trouble 处于困境中 get sb. into trouble 使某人陷入困境

⑵What's the trouble with you ?

⑶have trouble （in）doing sth 做某事有麻烦

◆have problem /difficulty/fun (in) doing sth 做某事有问题/困难/乐趣

( ) ① I had trouble ____ my homework.

A. to finish B. finishing C. finishes D. finish

( ) ② – Mr. Wang , I have trouble ___ the text.

--Remember ____ it three times at least.

A. to understand; reading B. understanding; reading

C. understanding; to read D. to understand; to read