工厂噪声监测布点方案
机电系实训车间 噪声监测及降噪设计
班 级:环治081班 完成小组:第三小组 成 员: 指导老师:
目录
1.1 任务分配 ............................................. 3 1.11制定计划 ......................................... 3 1.12 具体任务分配 ..................................... 3 2.1 厂区的基本信息 ....................................... 3 3.1方案设置及监测点选取 ................................. 3 3.11生产环境噪声监测 ................................. 3 3.12厂界噪声监测 ..................................... 4 3.13机器设备噪声监测 ................................. 4 4.1方案布置图 ........................................... 5 5.1 监测数据记录及处理 ................................... 5 5.11机床车间数据记录及处理............................ 6 5.12数控车床车间数据记录及处理 ....................... 12 5.13厂界噪声数据记录及处理........................... 15 5.14设备噪声数据记录及处理........................... 18 6.1降噪方案设计 ........................................ 22 6.11厂内噪声现状 .................................... 22 6.12吸声降噪设计 .................................... 22
1.1 任务分配
1.11制定计划
1.第四周接受任务,利用网络及图书馆资料查阅相关信息。
2. 第五周进行实地考察,确定监测方案并实施监测(9月26日现场调查确定方案,9月27日进行现场监测)。
3.第六周对监测数据进行分析,对比工业企业噪声标准进行降噪设计。 4.第七周对监测数据及降噪设计过程进行整理,并以Word及PPt形式递交老师审阅。
5.第八周利用PPt展示降噪设计方案。 1.12 具体任务分配
1.第四周张春霞、张丁芳、梁斌斌、曲大伟图书馆查阅资料; 陈运红、李慧欣、杨路超、张振朝通过网络搜集资料。
2.9月26日共同勘测现场,并制定布点方案,9月27日进行现场监测。 3.数据处理(共同处理再汇总)。
4. 张春霞、张丁芳、梁斌斌、曲大伟制作Word文档,陈运红、李慧欣、杨
路超、张振朝制作PPt。
2.1 厂区的基本信息
该噪声的产生地点位于邢台市军需学院机电系实训基地,该基地共有南北两个车间,车间的面积都为14.5 m/61.9 m,噪声源主要为为刨床和铣床 。车间构造:为南北走向共有三扇二四砖砌墙,各个墙的总长都为61.9 m。每面墙上有1.77 m / 3 m的塑钢框架单层普通玻璃窗14块,车间顶部为拱形砖砌结构。墙和顶部都粉有白色石灰,地面为水泥地面。除此之外并没有吸声降噪措施。
3.1方案设置及监测点选取
3.11生产环境噪声监测
根据《工业企业噪声控制设计规范》(GBJ87-85)规定测点选择原则如下:若车间各处A声级波动小于3dB,则只需在车间内选择1-3个监测点,如果车间各处A声级波动大于3dB,须将车间分成若干区域,使任意两个区域的声级波动大于或
等于3dB,在每个区域里分别设置1-3个监测点。测量高度在人耳附近。
根据实际监测,机床车间任意两点间的声级波动大于3dB,所以将机床车间划分成两个区域(如图1所示)。数控车床车间任意两点之间的声级波动小于3dB ,所以在数控车床车间任意检测三个点即可(如图1所示)。 3.12厂界噪声监测
测点应布置在法定厂界处1m处,传声器高度≥1.2m,测量应在有围墙时,测点应该高于围墙。测点沿噪声敏感区布置,两侧点的等效声级>3dB(A),应在中间增加一个测点。当厂界与居民住宅相连无法布点时,测点可布置在居室中央,室内限值应比室外标准值低10d
B(A)。
因为实训基地东侧为大学生后动中心,南侧为六教,西侧为农田,北侧为汽车系实训基地,将厂界监测点布置在敏感区,即东侧及南侧,在东侧布置两个监测点,南侧布置一个监测点,其位置如图1所示。
监测点距厂界一米,监测高度>1.2m。 3.13机器设备噪声监测
外形尺寸小于0.3m的小型机器,测点距设备表面0.3m。外形尺寸在0.3-1m的中型机器,测点距设备表面0.5m。尺寸>1m的大型机器,测点距设备表面1m。特大型或危险性设备,测点可选在较远的位置。测点数目可视机器设备的大小和发声部位的多少选取4-8个测点。
由于车间内设备较多,所以仅选择了一台机器进行监测。因为机械设备尺寸大于一米,根据相关规定其监测点选择在据设备表面一米处,高度为半个机器设备高度,选择四个监测点。
4.1方案布置图
汽车系实训车间
[1**********]77
2
3444
44
4
8
99
99三区
外界
车间设备一览表:
设备名称一览表
1
外圆磨床2
压力机3
机8
9
床外界
5.1 监测数据记录及处理
5.11机床车间数据记录及处理
1.一区①号监测点
77.5 78.2 79.2 77.6 78.2 79.3 77.6 78.3 79.3 77.6 78.4 79.4 77.7 78.4 79.4 77.7 78.4 79.5 77.8 78.4 79.6 77.9 78.5 79.6 77.9 78.5 79.7 77.9 78.5 79.7 77.9 78.5 79.8 77.9 78.5 79.8 78.0 78.6 79.8 78.0 78.8 79.9 78.0 78.9 79.9 78.0 79.1 79.9 78.1 79.1 79.9 78.1 79.1 79.9 78.1 79.1 79.9 78.1
79.1
79.9
Leq=L2
50+(L10-L90)/60
Leq=79.8+(77.9-80.4)2
/60=79.81(dB)
79.9 80.3 79.9 80.3 80.0 80.3 80.0 80.3 80.0 80.3 80.0 80.3 80.1 80.3 80.1 80.4 80.1 80.4 80.1 80.4 80.1 80.4 80.1 80.5 80.1 80.5 80.1 80.5 80.1 80.5 80.1 80.5 80.1 80.6 80.2 80.6 80.2 80.6 80.2
80.6
77.6 78.5 79.1 77.6 78.5 79.1 77.7 78.6 79.1 77.7 78.6 79.1 77.8 78.7 79.2 77.8 78.7 79.2 77.9 78.8 79.2 77.9 78.8 79.3 77.9 78.8 79.3 78.0 78.8 79.3 78.2 78.8 79.3 78.2 78.8 79.3 78.2 78.8 79.5 78.2 78.8 79.5 78.3 78.8 79.6 78.4 78.9 79.6 78.4 78.9 79.6 78.4 78.9 79.6 78.4 78.9 79.6 78.5
79.0
79.9
Leq=L50+(L2
10-L90)/60
L2
eq=79.3+(78.0-80.6)/60=79.41(dB)
79.9 80.4 79.9 80.5 79.9 80.5 79.9 80.5 79.9 80.5 79.9 80.5 80.0 80.6 80.1 80.6 80.1 80.6 80.2 80.6 80.2 80.6 80.2 80.6 80.2 80.7 80.2 80.7 80.2 80.7 80.2 80.7 80.2 80.8 80.3 80.8 80.3 80.8 80.3
80.8
77.0 77.4 77.8 77.0 77.5 77.9 77.1 77.5 77.9 77.1 77.5 77.9 77.1 77.5 78.0 77.1 77.5 78.0 77.2 77.6 78.0 77.2 77.6 78.0 77.2 77.6 78.1 77.2 77.7 78.1 77.3 77.7 78.1 77.3 77.7 78.1 77.3 77.7 78.1 77.3 77.7 78.1 77.3 77.7 78.1 77.3 77.7 78.2 77.3 77.7 78.2 77.4 77.7 78.2 77.4 77.8 78.3 77.4
77.8
78.3
L2
eq=L50+(L10-L90)/60
Leq=78.1+(79.7-77.3)2
/60=78.20(dB)
78.3 78.9 78.3 79.0 78.3 79.1 78.3 79.2 78.3 79.4 78.3 79.5 78.4 79.5 78.4 79.6 78.5 79.6 78.5 79.7 78.5 79.7 78.5 80.0 78.5 80.2 78.6 80.2 78.6 80.3 78.6 80.5 78.6 80.6 78.7 80.6 78.7 80.7 78.8
80.7
78.0 77.1 76.7 77.9 77.1 76.7 77.8 77.1 76.6 77.8 77.0 76.6 77.7 77.0 76.6 77.6 76.9 76.6 77.6 76.9 76.5 77.6 76.9 76.5 77.5 76.8 76.5 77.5 76.8 76.4 77.5 76.8 76.4 77.5 76.8 76.4 77.5 76.8 76.4 77.4 76.8 76.3 77.4 76.8 76.3 77.4 76.8 76.3 77.3 76.7 76.3 77.3 76.7 76.2 77.2 76.7 76.2 77.2
76.7
76.2
L2
eq=L50+(L10-L90)/60
Leq=76.4+(77.5-74.9)2
/60=76.51(dB)
76.1 75.5 76.1 75.4 76.1 75.4 76.1 75.3 76.1 75.2 76.1 75.1 76.0 75.1 75.9 75.0 75.9 75.0 75.9 74.9 75.9 74.9 75.8 74.8 75.6 74.8 75.6 74.8 75.6 74.8 75.6 74.7 75.6 74.7 75.6 74.7 75.5 74.7 75.5
74.3
72.4 73.2 73.6 72.4 73.2 73.7 72.4 73.2 73.7 72.5 73.2 73.7 72.7 73.2 73.7 72.7 73.3 73.7 72.8 73.3 73.7 72.8 73.4 73.8 72.9 73.4 73.8 72.9 73.4 73.8 72.9 73.4 73.8 72.9 73.4 73.8 72.9 73.5 73.8 72.9 73.5 73.8 72.9 73.5 73.8 72.9 73.5 73.8 73.0 73.5 73.8 73.1 73.5 73.8 73.1 73.6 73.8 73.1 73.6 73.8 73.2
73.6
73.9
L2
eq=L50+(L10-L90)/60
Leq=73.8+(74.3-72.9)2
/60=73.83(dB)
73.9 74.1 73.9 74.2 73.9 74.2 73.9 74.2 73.9 74.2 73.9 74.2 73.9 74.2 74.0 74.2 74.0 74.2 74.0 74.3 74.0 74.3 74.0 74.4 74.0 74.4 74.1 74.4 74.1 74.5 74.1 74.5 74.1 74.5 74.1 74.5 74.1 74.5 74.1 74.6 74.1
74.6
6.二区⑥号监测点
79.8 78.8 78 77.6 79.4 78.7 77.9 77.6 79.4 78.7 77.9 77.6 79.4 78.6 77.9 77.5 79.4 78.6 77.9 77.5 79.3 78.6 77.9 77.5 79.2 78.5 77.9 77.5 79.2 78.5 77.8 77.5 79.2 78.4 77.8 77.5 79.1 78.4 77.8 77.5 79.1 78.4 77.8 77.4 79.1 78.4 77.8 77.4 79 78.4 77.8 77.4 79 78.2 77.8 77.4 78.9 78.2 77.7 77.4 78.9 78.2 77.7 77.4 78.9 78.2 77.7 77.3 78.8 78.1 77.7 77.3 78.8 78 77.6 77.3 78.8
78
77.6
77.2
L2
eq=L50+(L10-L90)/60
L2
eq=77.8+(79.1-76.9)/60=77.88(dB)
77.1 77.1 77.1 77.1 77 77 76.9 76.9 76.9 76.9 76.8 76.7 76.5 76.3 76.2 76.2 76.2 76.2 76.2 76
5.12数控车床车间数据记录及处理
1.三区⑦号监测点
74.8 73.8 73.4 74.4 73.8 73.4 74.3 73.8 73.4 74.2 73.7 73.4 74.1 73.7 73.3 74.1 73.7 73.3 74.1 73.7 73.2 74 73.7 73.2 74 73.6 73.2 74 73.6 73.2 74 73.5 73.1 73.9 73.5 73.1 73.9 73.5 73.1 73.9 73.5 73.1 73.9 73.5 73.1 73.9 73.5 73 73.9 73.4 73 73.8 73.4 73 73.8 73.4 73 73.8
73.4
73
L2
eq=L50+(L10-L90)/60
Leq=73.2+(74-71.7)2
/60=73.29(dB)
72.9 72.5 72.9 72.4 72.9 72.4 72.8 72.3 72.8 72.2 72.8 72 72.8 72 72.8 71.8 72.8 71.8 72.7 71.7 72.7 71.6 72.7 71.6 72.7 71.5 72.7 71.5 72.7 71.5 72.7 71.4 72.5 71.3 72.5 71.1 72.5 70.5 72.5
70.5
80.5 78.9 78.4 78.1
80.2 78.9 78.3 78 79.7 78.8 78.3 78 79.5 78.8 78.3 77.9 79.5 78.8 78.3 77.9 79.4 78.8 78.2 77.8 79.4 78.8 78.2 77.8 79.3 78.7 78.2 77.8 79.3 78.7 78.2 77.7 79.3 78.7 78.2 77.7 79.3 78.7 78.2 77.7 79.2 78.7 78.2 77.7 79.1 78.7 78.2 77.7 79.1 78.7 78.2 77.6 79.1 78.6 78.2 77.6 79 78.6 78.1 77.6 79 78.6 78.1 77.5 79 78.4 78.1 77.4 79 78.4 78.1 77.3 78.9
78.4
78.1
77.3
LeqLL210L902
50
6078.279.376.660
78.3dB
77.3 77.2 77.2 77.1 77 76.9 76.9 76.8 76.7 76.7 76.6 76.6 76.5 76.4 76.3 76.3 76.3 76.1 76.1 76.1
82.9 78.4 77.9 77.5 80.4 78.4 77.9 77.5 79.7 78.4 77.9 77.4 79.3 78.3 77.9 77.4 79.2 78.3 77.8 77.4 79.1 78.3 77.8 77.3 79 78.2 77.8 77.3 79 78.1 77.8 77.3 78.8 78.1 77.8 77.2 78.7 78.1 77.8 77.2 78.7 78.1 77.8 77.2 78.6 78.1 77.8 77.2 78.6 78.1 77.7 77.2 78.6 78 77.7 77.2 78.5 78 77.7 77.2 78.5 78 77.7 77 78.5 78 77.7 76.9 78.5 78 77.7 76.9 78.4 77.9 77.7 76.9 78.4
77.9
77.6
76.9
22
LeqL50
L10L9078.776.66077.860
77.9dB
76.9 76.8 76.8 76.8 76.8 76.8 76.7 76.7 76.6 76.6 76.6 76.6 76.5 76.5 76.5 76.4 76.3 76.2 75.6 75.2
5.13厂界噪声数据记录及处理
厂界南侧
56.9 57.8 58.6 56.9 57.9 58.7 57.2 57.9 58.7 57.2 57.9 58.7 57.2 58.0 58.7 57.2 58.0 58.7 57.2 58.0 58.7 57.4 58.1 58.7 57.4 58.1 58.7 57.4 58.2 58.7 57.4 58.2 58.8 57.4 58.2 58.8 57.5 58.3 58.9 57.5 58.3 58.9 57.6 58.4 59.0 57.6 58.4 59.1 57.6 58.4 59.1 57.7 58.6 59.1 57.7 58.6 59.1 57.7
58.6
59.1
L2
eq=L50+(L10-L90)/60
L2
eq=58.8+(61.2-57.4)/60=59.04(dB)
59.2 60.7 59.2 60.7 59.2 60.8 59.3 60.8 59.3 60.8 59.3 60.8 59.4 60.8 59.4 60.9 59.5 61.2 59.6 61.2 59.6 61.2 59.6 61.3 59.7 61.4 60.0 61.4 60.0 61.4 60.1 61.5 60.2 61.6 60.2 61.6 60.3 61.6 60.4
61.8
厂界东侧(数控车床门口)
61.0 61.9 62.5 61.0 61.9 62.5 61.0 61.9 62.5 61.1 61.9 62.5 61.2 62.0 62.6 61.2 62.1 62.6 61.2 62.1 62.6 61.2 62.1 62.6 61.3 62.2 62.7 61.3 62.3 62.7 61.4 62.3 62.7 61.4 62.3 62.8 61.5 62.3 62.8 61.5 62.3 62.8 61.5 62.4 62.9 61.5 62.4 62.9 61.6 62.4 62.9 61.7 62.5 63.0 61.7 62.5 63.0 61.8
62.5
63.0
Leq=L2
50+(L10-L90)/60
L2
eq=62.7+(63.7-61.3)/60=62.80(dB)
63.1 63.5 63.1 63.5 63.1 63.5 63.2 63.6 63.2 63.6 63.2 63.6 63.3 63.6 63.3 63.7 63.3 63.7 63.3 63.7 63.4 63.7 63.4 63.7 63.4 63.7 63.4 63.8 63.4 63.8 63.4 63.8 63.5 63.8 63.5 63.9 63.5 63.9 63.5
63.9
厂界东侧(机床车间门口)
52.4 58.6 59.2 59.7 60.1 60.6 61.0 61.7 62.6 64.1 52.4 58.7 59.2 59.8 60.2 60.6 61.1 61.7 62.6 64.1 52.4 58.7 59.3 59.8 60.2 60.6 61.1 61.7 62.6 64.1 52.8 58.7 59.3 59.8 60.2 60.6 61.1 61.8 62.6 65.3 55.9 58.8 59.3 59.8 60.3 60.7 61.2 61.8 62.7 65.4 57.0 58.8 59.3 59.8 60.3 60.7 61.2 57.0 58.8 59.3 59.8 60.3 60.7 61.2 57.0 58.8 59.3 59.8 60.3 60.7 61.2 57.5 58.9 59.3 59.9 60.3 60.7 61.2 57.6 58.9 59.3 59.9 60.4 60.7 61.3 57.8 58.9 59.4 59.9 60.4 60.7 61.3 58.0 58.9 59.5 59.9 60.4 60.7 61.5 58.1 58.9 59.5 60.0 60.4 60.8 61.5 58.2 58.9 59.5 60.0 60.5 60.8 61.5 58.2 59.0 59.6 60.0 60.5 60.9 61.5 58.3 59.0 59.6 60.0 60.5 60.9 61.6 58.3 59.1 59.7 60.0 60.5 60.9 61.6 58.4 59.1 59.7 60.1 60.5 60.9 61.6 58.4 59.1 59.7 60.1 60.5 61.0 61.7 58.6 59.1 59.7 60.1 60.5 61.0 61.7 LeqLL22
20L18064.158.6100
6060.560
61.0dB
61.8 62.7 61.9 62.7 61.9 62.7 61.9 62.8 61.9 62.9 62.0 63.1 62.1 63.1 62.2 63.3 62.3 63.3 62.3 63.4 62.3 63.7 62.3 63.7 62.4 63.8 62.5 63.8 62.6 64.0 65.6 65.6 65.7 65.8 66.0 66.1 66.5 66.6 66.7 66.7 66.9 67.1 67.3 67.9 68.1
5.14设备噪声数据记录及处理
设备为1号外圆磨床
90.5 79.8 78.9 78.5 90.2 79.7 78.8 78.5 90.1 79.6 78.8 78.5 89.5 79.6 78.8 78.5 89.2 79.6 78.7 78.4 88.6 79.5 78.7 78.4 87.5 79.5 78.6 78.4 85.3 79.5 78.6 78.3 80.6 79.5 78.6 78.3 80.6 79.4 78.6 78.2 80.5 79.3 78.6 78.2 80.5 79.3 78.6 78.2 80.5 79.2 78.6 78.2 80.3 79.2 78.6 78.2 80.2 79.1 78.6 78.2 80.2 78.9 78.6 78.1 80.1 78.9 78.6 77.9 80.1 78.9 78.5 77.8 80.1 78.9 78.5 77.8 79.8
78.9
78.5
77.8
LeqL
L2
10L9050
78.6
80.677.42
60
60
78.8dB
77.8 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.5 77.5 77.4 77.4 77.2 76.9 76.7 76.6 76.5 76.5 76.5 76.5 76.3
78.6 80.2 79.4 78.5 76.2 79.9 79.2 78.4 86.3 79.9 79.2 78.4 86.2 79.8 78.9 78.4 85.6 79.8 78.9 78.4 85.5 79.8 78.9 78.4 85.3 79.7 78.6 78.3 85.2 79.6 78.6 78.2 85.2 79.6 78.6 78.2 85.2 79.6 78.6 78.2 84.5 79.6 78.6 78.1 84.3 79.6 78.6 76.5 84.2 79.6 78.6 76.5 84.2 79.5 78.5 76.5 82.2 79.5 78.5 76.5 80.6 79.5 78.5 76.5 80.6 79.5 78.5 76.4 80.5 79.5 78.5 76.3 80.4 79.5 78.5 76.3 80.2
79.4
78.5
76.2
LeqL
L2
10L9050
78.6
85.275.32
60
60
80.2dB
76.2 76.2 76.2 76.2 76.1 75.6 75.6 75.5 75.5 75.4 75.3 75.2 75.2 75.2 74.5 74.5 74.2 72.5 70.6 70.5
86.2 79.8 79.5 78.7 85.6 79.8 79.5 78.7 85.3 79.8 79.5 78.7 85.2 79.8 79.5 78.6 84.6 79.8 79.5 78.6 80.6 79.8 79.4 78.6 80.5 79.8 79.4 78.6 80.5 79.8 79.4 78.6 80.5 79.8 79.2 78.6 80.2 79.6 78.9 78.6 79.8 79.6 78.9 78.6 79.8 79.6 78.9 78.5 79.8 79.6 78.9 78.5 79.8 79.6 78.9 78.5 79.8 79.6 78.8 78.5 79.8 79.6 78.8 78.5 79.8 79.5 78.8 78.5 79.8 79.5 78.8 78.4 79.8 79.5 78.7 78.4 79.8
79.5
78.7
78.4
LeqL
L2
10L9050
78.9
80.277.62
60
60
78.3dB
78.4 78.3 78.3 78.2 78.2 78.2 78.2 78.2 77.7 77.6 77.6 77.5 77.5 75.6 75.5 75.4 74.9 74.8 74.6 74.5
89.5 79.6 78.9 78.5 89.2 79.6 78.9 78.5 88.6 79.6 78.8 78.5 87.5 79.6 78.8 78.5 85.3 79.6 78.8 78.5 85.3 79.6 78.8 78.5 85.2 79.6 78.8 78.5 85.2 79.6 78.8 78.4 85.2 79.6 78.7 78.4 80.2 79.6 78.7 78.4 79.8 79.6 78.6 78.4 79.8 79.6 78.6 78.3 79.8 79.5 78.6 78.3 79.8 79.5 78.6 78.2 79.8 79.5 78.6 78.2 79.8 79.5 78.6 78.2 79.8 79.5 78.6 77.8 79.8 78.9 78.6 77.6 79.7 78.9 78.5 77.6 79.6
78.9
78.5
77.6
LeqL
L2
10L9050
78.7
80.277.32
60
60
78.8dB
77.6 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.5 77.5 77.5 77.5 77.5 77.3 75.6 75.6 75.5 75.5 75.5 75.4 75.4 74.9 74.8
6.1降噪方案设计
6.11厂内噪声现状
《工业企业噪声卫生标准(实行草案)》规定:对于新建、扩建、改建的工业企业的生产车间和作业场所的工作地点噪声级最大为85dB,对于现有企业经过努力,暂时达不到标准的,其噪声允许值可取90dB。
根据现场监测数据,机电系实训车间噪声不超标,但为了达到实训目的,锻炼设计能力,将噪声标准设置为环境噪声标准一级标准(白天噪声55dB),并以此标准对工厂实施降噪。
两个车间整体尺寸均为61.9m×14.5m×5.5m,车间工作时,实测平均噪声级:LP=10lg[1/10(107.788+107.329+107..981+107..941+107.820.+107.651+107.383+106.474+105.904+106
.280
]=76.00dB(A),由于车间墙壁均为坚硬反射面,室内房间平均吸声系数较小,
且声源较分散,所以采用吸声处理方式进行降噪。 6.12吸声降噪设计
吸声处理前壁面吸声系数列于序号4.降噪目标采用NR70曲线,根据NR70曲线将各倍频程标准量及降噪量列于序号2、3内,根据公式LP
2
计算出1
各倍频程处理后应有平均吸声系数2,并列于表序号5内。设计采用悬挂吸声板的处理方法降低噪声。吸声板构造为双层,各铺5cm厚超细玻璃棉,中间使用一层再生布分开,外包塑料纱窗,用尼龙线缝制成形。
由计算得内表面积S=2001m2吸声处理后平均吸声系数为0.798,假设悬挂吸声板的面积为S1,则有:
2
11.5S1
S
因此有S1
S(21)
971m2
1.5
实际做时,S1取980m2
表1